Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis Research Articles

Examining Societal Expectations and Power Structures in Jamaica Kincaid's "Girl" Using Van Dijk's Framework

This research employs Van Dijk's framework to analyze societal expectations and power structures depicted in Jamaica Kincaid's "Girl." This study, utilizing Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis approach, explores how text and talk within the story manifest, perpetuate, and challenge social power abuse, dominance, and inequality. Through a descriptive qualitative analysis, this research delves into the power dynamics, language use, and gender roles within the narrative, uncovering instances of power relations and disciplinary mechanisms. The study explores how language functions as a form of power, regulating social realities and constructing gendered norms. It also examines the ways in which the characters negotiate and resist societal expectations, revealing moments of agency within the text. Ultimately, this analysis sheds light on the complex interplay between language, power, and societal expectations in "Girl," contributing to a deeper understanding of the narrative's socio-political implications.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of E-Paper 'KPU chief rebuffs allegations of bias during VP debate" in Jakarta Post

This research employs critical discourse analysis (CDA) to examine a news article titled "KPU Chief Rebuffs Allegations of Bias during VP Debate" from the Jakarta Post, focusing on the transition from print to online media or E-Paper. In this research, the two main methods used to collect data are documentation via the Jakarta Post e-paper news page and content review. This approach provides the advantage of exploring information in depth and comprehensively related to the phenomenon or event that is the focus of the research. Utilizing Teun A. van Dijk's CDA framework, the analysis encompasses macro, superstructure, and micro structures. The macro-structural analysis reveals the social and political context, identifying social groups and emphasizing narrative importance. The critical discourse superstructure analysis delves into linguistic patterns, representations of power, and strategic language use. Finally, the micro-structural analysis explores word choice, grammar, writing style, and sentence structure to understand how language constructs arguments and responds to accusations. Through these lenses, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of how the news shapes and reflects social and political dynamics, contributing valuable insights into media discourse surrounding political events in Indonesia.

Comparative pedagogies in mother tongue education: Türkiye and Indonesia

This study examines mother tongue education pedagogical discourses in Türkiye and Indonesia to address understudied language instruction policy dynamics and their practical implications in diverse educational settings. The study examined mother tongue education and its complex effects on cultural identity and educational outcomes in light of global and local linguistic landscapes. This study examined Turkish and Indonesian pedagogical discourses and classroom interactions in selected samples. Comparative written discourse analysis was performed on selected texts from Turkish and Indonesian 7th-grade secondary school textbooks. Classroom interaction was examined using in-class observations of 7th-grade secondary school students from both countries. The study used Teun van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis method for written discourse analysis and Flander's Interaction Analysis matrix for intra-class interaction patterns. The study compares written and oral secondary school pedagogical discourses in both countries using selected examples to determine their similarities and differences. This allows two large and powerful educational systems to benefit from each other. The study finds significant differences in mother tongue education program implementation and outcomes by comparing policy documents, teacher narratives, and classroom practices, highlighting the complex relationship between language policy, instructional methodology, and educational equity. The findings emphasize the need for context-sensitive language education policies that respect linguistic diversity and promote inclusive education. This research enhances mother tongue education research and provides actionable insights for educators, curriculum designers, and policymakers in Türkiye and Indonesia to promote reforms that consider learners' sociocultural and linguistic realities.

Analisis Isi Media NU Online dalam Mencegah Radikalisme di Indonesia

The background to this research is the discourse about radicalism in Indonesia which has become a hot topic of conversation in 2021 after the bombing in front of the Makassar Cathedral Church, one of which is Media NU Online. The research method used is qualitative with a quantitative approach, data was obtained through literature review of discourse texts and documentation. The theory used in this research is Teun Andreas Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis theory. The results of this research are that NU Online tries to fight Indonesian radicalism by confirming the Aswaja teachings contained in a news report delivered by the Deputy General Chairperson of the PBNU (Period 2010-2015) H. As'ad Said Ali that the nadhliyin are to revive the Aswaja tradition in everyday life -day and implementing the attitude of Religious Moderation contained in four news stories and one article, through the institutions under its auspices, through NU Online media inviting nahdliyin in particular to live in harmony between religious communities, be tolerant and implement an attitude of religious moderation.

Realitas Kemanusiaan dalam Naskah Feature “Cermin Kehidupan Pejuang Penyu” pada Buletin Pro 1 Radio Republik Indonesia Bengkulu

This study analyzes and describes the reality of humanity in the feature script "Mirror of the Life of Turtle Fighters" in the pro 1 bulletin RRI Bengkulu, with three discourse structures, namely macrostructure, superstructure, and microstructure. Data collection techniques use text content analysis and literature studies relevant to this study. With data analysis and processing techniques using Critical Discourse Analysis (AWK) model Teun A.van Dijk. The results of Teun van Dijk's Critical Discourse analysis found that from the elements of macrostructure, superstructure, and microstructure this feature script wants to explain a warrior's struggle regarding changes that have occurred in turtle populations in recent years that continue to decline and can cause damage to marine ecosystems, but in the feature script there is a lot of lack of information about how important sea turtles are for the sea and humans also there is no definite information What bad possibilities will happen if Extinct sea turtles.

EXAMINING NETIZENS' VIEWS ON INDONESIAN MUSLIM CELEBRITIES’ WILDLIFE FASHION ON SOCIAL MEDIA

This study examines social media users' views on Indonesian Muslim celebrities' who use wild animal materials in fashion. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the researcher utilized Teun van Dijk's critical discourse analysis, which consists of three levels: text level (microstructure), social cognition (superstructure), and social context (macrostructure). The subject of this research was Instagram accounts and YouTube videos of Angel Lelga, Ola Ramlan, and Syahrini wearing wild-animal fashion items. The results found that in the microstructure level, the comments' word choices, emphasis, and details represent commenters' background, intention, and presumption, mostly influenced by halal-lifestyle. In the superstructure level, it can be concluded that most netizens do not understand animal welfare issues sufficiently. Meanwhile, in the  macrostructure, the researcher underlines the notion of power and access, which enables Indonesian Muslims to create a discourse on the halal lifestyle without concerning animal welfare. However, the awareness of animal welfare is also noteworthy, although not significant.

War on Terror’s Impact on the Middle East Civilians in Coldplay’s Orphans Song Lyrics

This article examines the war on terror’s impact in the Middle East civilians on the lyrical content of Coldplay's song "Orphans." The song lyrics feature a fictional narrative about a girl and her father who died due to bomb attacks on their hometown. Utilizing Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis approach, which involves social cognition, social context analysis, and textual analysis, it is deduced that the bombings depicted in the lyrics refer to the bombings in Damascus. This immediately relates to the Global War on Terror and how prejudice against Muslims and the Middle East, even its civilians, overlooks the negative impact that these people suffer. However, social cognition and context analysis help in discovering that Coldplay, a popular Western act composed of white men, did not remain silent about the suffering Muslims and Middle Easterners faced when most Westerners did. Instead, they voiced their perspective on the issue through fictional lyrics that favor Muslims and the Middle East in the ensuing conflict as part of their hope for people to unite regardless of their background and identity.

Critical Discourse Analysis of Teun A. Van Dijk's Model on Detik.Com and Kompas.Com News Texts About Citayam Fashion Week

This research discusses critical discourse analysis in Citayam fashion week news in the mass media. The critical discourse analysis used is Teun A. van Dijk's critical discourse analysis seen from the text structure, which consists of 3 structures: macro structure, superstructure and micro structure. Data collection uses listening and note-taking techniques, presenting data using formal and informal methods. This research uses news sources from detik.com and kompas.com. The research results show that Citayam fashion week news on detik.com and kompas.com is seen from a macro structure consisting of thematic and subtopics. Superstructure consisting of title, lead and story. Macro structure consisting of semantics (setting, details, intent and presuppositions), syntax (sentence form: active and passive sentences), coherence: (detik.com "and, that, even so" and Kompas.com "however, because, but"), pronouns: (detik.com and kompas.com use "we, they and he/she"), stylistics (lexicon), rhetorical (graphics: using photos that support the news. Next is rhetorical in detik.com signs quotations and use of bold letters).

How Zima Band Communicates in the Song Generasi Rapuh to Criticize Moral Degradation

This research was conducted to determine the meaning of social criticism in the lyrics of the song "Generasi Rapuh" ZIMA Band, with an analysis of Van Dijk's critical discourse. This research uses a qualitative method with Teun A. Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis Theory approach which describes discourse into three dimensions, namely: the text dimension, the social cognition dimension, and the social context dimension. Data collection techniques in this research used library research and interviews. The results of research on text analysis show that the theme raised from the song "Generasi Rapuh" can be seen from the chorus or chorus about the current generation who have a weak mentality and are easily hurt, which has become a trend for many people. In social cognition, the results of researchers' interviews with songwriters regarding songwriters' anxiety regarding the problem of moral decadence that occurs in the current generation are obtained. in a social context, through the song "Generasi Rapuh" the songwriter tries to convey his criticism with social reality or facts that occur in people's lives.

Zaini Dahlan’s Feminism Ideology in Quranic Translation

In 1997, the Islamic University of Indonesia (UII) Yogyakarta published Qur’an Karim dan Terjemahan Artinya (QKTA). This translation significantly differs from the official version of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia and contemporary translations. Emerging during Indonesia's transition from the New Order to Reformation, QKTA played an important role, which motivates this study using Teun A. van Dijk's critical discourse analysis. This research investigates QKTA's position amidst the growing feminist discourse in Indonesia. This article specifically examines its impact on the verses translated: QS. al-Baqarah [2]: 228, QS. al-Nisā' [4]: 1, and 34, and QS. al-Nabā' [78]: 33. These verses were chosen because feminist interpreters often criticize them for their patriarchal perspective. These verses show QKTA's partiality to the feminist point of view. The findings of this article state that the social context and cognition of the translator influence the translation.  This can be seen from the translations that apply a lot of linguistic rhetoric, such as majāz, kināyah, and euphemism.

Ideologi pada Novel Rapijali: 1 Mencari Karya Dee Lestari: Analisis Wacana Kritis

The novel is a complex form of literature that explores issues in life, including social, moral, religious, and other values. Novelist Dee Lestari, with her work Rapijali: 1 Mencari, introduces teenage characters to depict ideologies in her work. Ideology in the novel serves the purpose of proposing change, improving systems, or altering behavior. This research analyzes the ideology in Dee Lestari's novel using van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis. The research method employed is content analysis, collecting data from the novel Rapijali: 1 Mencari and identifying implicit ideologies in themes such as family, politics, music, and friendship. The research findings reveal four ideologies: Humanism, Authoritarianism, Democracy, and Liberalism. This study illustrates how ideologies can be reflected in social, political, and cultural relationships, emphasizing the importance of understanding ideology in literary analysis.

Discursive metaphorical representation of COVID-19 Pandemic in Kenya’s newspaper headlines

This study aimed to address the dearth of knowledge regarding the portrayal of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenyan print media, focusing specifically on newspaper headlines. Employing Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Lakoff & Johnson's Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), the research examined 39 headlines from The Standard and The Daily Nation newspapers, applying inferential statistics via STATA version 15. Van Dijk's categorization of texts into micro and macro levels and Lakoff and Johnson's assertion that our ordinary conceptual system relies heavily on metaphors underpin the methodology. The analysis combined CDA with Pragglejazz Group's Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP) to uncover that the majority of metaphors in these headlines constructed COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya in a grim light, associating it with war, death, and bondage. While these metaphors serve as cautionary messages, they fall short in capturing the proactive measures employed to combat the pandemic. This study's significance lies in its fusion of insights from CDA and CMT, shedding light on how media language exposes cognition and ideology while also revealing the media's influence on public perception of the pandemic.

Radical feminist representation, social cognition, and film communication on reducing sexual harassment

<p>Film is a work of art that has become a phenomenon in modern life that always produce a content that relate with social and human cognition affect in modern lifestyle, one of them is a sexual and a fight of woman. Sexual violence is an act of degrading, insulting, harassing or attacking a person's body, and reproductive function, due to the inequality of power and gender relations, which results in psychic and physical suffering which includes interfering with a person's reproductive health. In this study, the author's goal is to describe and analyze forms of sexual harassment through scenes in the Photocopier film in order to reduce the existence of sexual harassment, to describe and analyze the views in the film Photocopier so that film audiences can be more concerned about sexual harassment. The theory used in this study is Teun A. van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis with the methods carried out in this study are qualitative with data collection techniques used, namely observation, documentation and literature studies. In this study, it shows that sexual harassment is the factor most feared by victims, the figure of Farah, Tariq, and other victims suffering in silent, refusing to giving  up and find out the perpetrator of the sexual abuse experienced by them for fear that in the future negative things will happen consequently, in contrast to Suryani a victim who had the courage to try uncovering the events that she has experienced, Suryani relentlessly tried to find evidence of who is the mastermind behind the sexual harassment. The process of social cognition on the Suryani as an actress and the main character, can be found through critical discourse analysis methode by indicating the actress who manages and stores any information about sexual harassment committed, collects evidence, and fights for the right to justice.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong> <em>Film Communication, Photocopier, Sexual Harassment, Critical Discourse Analysis, Feminist</em></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p>

Analisis Wacana Presiden Tiga Periode Perspektif Van Dijk Di Instagram Tvonenews

The researchers carried out the analysis was on news related to the three-term presidential discourse on the Instagram Tvonenews study 22 and 26 March 2021 using Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis model. Based on this, there are 2 research focuses that the researcher will do here. First, how is the text structure of the three-term Presidential discourse on Tvonenews Instagram, second, how is social cognition and social context in the three-term Presidential discourse on Tvonenews Instagram. This study uses a qualitative research approach. Meanwhile, the type of research is library research. This study discusses the text, social cognition and social context of Tvonenews' Instagram posts related to the three-term Presidential discourse using the theory of critical discourse analysis by Teun A. Van Dijk. The source of the data that the researcher obtained was through the process of documentation and observation from Tvonenews Instagram posts related to the three-term presidential discourse.

ANTI-RACISM DISCOURSE IN TOI MOI SONG

Songs are typically composed for certain goals, messages, and audiences, and occasionally they are produced with particular listeners in mind. Common subjects in song lyrics include societal and current issues and challenges, with which the artist tries to communicate through manifestations of his or her beliefs, feelings, and ideologies. Therefore, language research to song lyrics is indeed very interesting to do, because it examines meaning. This research is interested in researching a song lyric entitled Toi Moi by Kids United. The researchers are interested in examining the anti-racism contained in it. The method in this research is qualitative and descriptive. This research uses van Dijk's critical discourse analysis theory, with elements of macro structure, super structure and micro structure. After that, the researchers would like to see the representation in this song. After deeper analysis, researchers found different meanings The result of the research is that not everything that is stated in a text will be the same as what is implied. Indeed, when we analyze macro structure, we interpreted, this song talks about a unity about two person or lovers. However, after researching deeper, by analyzing superstructure and micro structure the researchers found that the deeper meaning behind this song lyric is about racism and not about love story between two lovers. So, discourse analysis can be applied to analyze the deep meaning in a text. 

Nationality Discursive of Hamzanwadi: A Socio-Cognitive Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) Perspective of Teun A. Van Dijk

This study explores the discursive ideological aspects of Hamzanwadi's nationality in the national movement's texts, languages, and institutions. Language texts as names or designations and institutions of national movements have cognitive content, ideologies, norms, and values, all of which give birth to awareness as a nation that must be independent and have a better life. The study is based on Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework through micro-macro, namely the existence of power as control. This context of mastery gives birth to Hamzanwadi's discursive nationality with the ideology of cognition, attitudes, norms, and productive values for Indonesian nationality. The study uses historiographic methods, with techniques for documenting historical texts of national struggles through historical sources and interviews. The study data were analyzed as a discursive discourse with the Van Dijk CDA micro-macro framework. Each text data is explained in finding socio-cultural relationships with the ideological substance that gives birth to nationality through cognitive awareness, attitudes, ideologies, and norms. The study found that Hamzanwadi's discursive nationality began with thinking as a form of cognition awareness of the fate of his people due to colonized conditions. Cognitive awareness gives birth to establishing educational institutions as a forum and instrument to build the same mental understanding of the context happening. The naming of educational institutions and mass organizations reflects the affirmation of national attitudes through the attitude of wanting to be free and live equal to the civilization of other nations. Discursive nationality does not stop at the cognitive awareness, attitudes, and values of the importance of independence but continues with the agenda of filling freedom with continuous development.

Library Transformation in the Digital Age

Background and objectives: Library has entered a new phase in midst of a society currently in the digital native era. However, instead of being prepared for the transformation, the library is faced with a never-ending dilemma. Therefore, it’s important to know the extent to which the public requires this transformation. This can be seen through the discourses that appear on social media. 
 Methods: The method used is Teun A. van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) which analyzes text, social cognition and social context. Data was collected from the Brand24 website using library as keyword and the final data found comprises 6 texts from social media twitter, 61 texts from news, 7 texts from blogs and 8 texts from websites.
 Results: Discourse on social media has shifted to no longer talk about conventional libraries which are only limited to narrow spaces reserved for bookworms. Discourses that appear on social media about libraries have undergone a transformation which is seen as a public space that has very broad and unlimited functions. 
 Conclusions: Based on the review and analysis of the data, it was concluded that the current public discourse has shifted towards no longer comparing libraries with more modern public spaces, but instead focuses on how libraries can transform to accommodate the needs of society in this era of digital natives.

Non-Verbal Language Contributing to Stigma towards Involuntary Childless Women in the Gikùyù Community, Kenya

Putting women in a position where motherhood is associated with womanhood has led to stigma towards women who are involuntary childless. They are viewed as outsiders and language is used to advance the ideologies that justify their discrimination. Language has had a significant role in stigmatising and stereotyping childless people. Non-verbal communication, in addition to spoken discourses, which are frequently used in the stigma, is quite important. Nonverbal language communicates our unconscious ideas, feelings, and hidden beliefs. The context of the situation is created by the nonverbal cues. Women are subjected to extremely severe linguistic stigma through nonverbal communication. The paper's main focus was on nonverbal linguistic expressions that spread stigma towards involuntary childless women. The work was informed by Fairclough and Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). According to CDA, grammar, vocabulary, and semantics should not be analysed separately. Instead, their roles are more important and should not be disregarded. The study set out to evaluate and investigate the linguistic stigma that involuntary childless women experience. The study used a purposive sampling technique to pick communities in Tetu sub-county of Nyeri County. These were the villages: Ihithe, Ihῠrῠrῠ, Mῠthὶnga and Kangaita. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and interviews supplemented by an audio recorder were used in the study to collect data. For the FGD, twenty involuntarily childless women participated as respondents. The study will be important in shedding light on important facts about the discourses used to spread linguistic stigma and how it is done. Most importantly, the results of the study will help the general public in understanding infertility concerns and discourage them from using discursive discourses to spread stereotypes about childless women. According to the study, just as vocal language, non-verbal language is used in the infertility discourse as a tool to stigmatitise the involuntary childless women.

Youth Political Expression Through Tiktok Social Media

This research aims to find out the political expression of youth on the @presiden Gen Z account on Tiktok. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The discourse analysis research method developed by Teun A. Van Dijk. Data was collected through observation, interviews and questionnaires. Data will be accumulated through two different methods, in terms of studying political attitudes towards the Gen Z President's TikTok account, data collection is used directly on the TikTok application, while data collection techniques are used to examine freedom of expression in the form of documentation and observation. Researchers have accumulated data in accordance with research. There are 6 total data and 4 are taken by random sampling. Based on the findings of this research, it can be seen that through Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis, the content in the Gen-Z President's Tiktok account has its own position in accordance with the prevailing discourse structure. However, on the one hand, in the micro discourse structure (rhetoric) of the graphic section, researchers do not find any graphics there. First, this content has a macro structure so it can be said to be a positive structure. While the superstructure in this content is also known there are 5 points that fill in and integrate each other between subtopics so that they are also known to be positive. Further to the positive microstructure to be found in this content is weak in graphics only. Second, this content has a positive macro structure, positive superstructure and negative microstructure in graphics. Third, content 3 has a positive macro structure, positive superstructure and negative microstructure in graphics. Fourth, content 4 has a positive macro structure, positive superstructure and negative microstructure in graphics.

ANALISIS WACANA PEMBERITAAN MEDIA ONLINE KOMPAS. COM MENGENAI KASUS RAFAEL TRISAMBODO

The problem to be studied in this research is how the discourse is developed in the online news of Rafael Trisambodo case. This research aims to describe the text structure (macro structure and microstructure, social cognition, and social context in online news discourse). The method used is descriptive qualitative with Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis model with reading and writing data collection techniques. Two strategies were carried out when analyzing the study data, namely identifying, clarifying, and interpreting the data. Researchers analyzed one trending news discourse, the Rafael Trisambodo case. Based on the findings of this study, it is known that the text illustrates the involvement of several discourse elements, namely semantic aspects, syntactic aspects, and lexicon stylistics. So that the description of the critical discourse analysis study is seen from the three discourse structures of Van Dijk's model and its elements regarding the text of the Rafael Trisambodo case. From the whole discourse critically analyzed in the online news text, the dialect in the news related to social cognition is used to influence and emphasize the Rafael Trisambodo case.